17 Examples of Erasing Universalist History, Ignoring Universalist History, or Burying it under the Label of Unitarian History
. . . A collection of examples of Universalism or Universalist history being left out of the picture, destroyed, ignored, misrepresented, treated with substantially less space than Unitarian history, called Unitarian history, or buried under Unitarian history.
I have seen so many examples of this casual disregard for Universalist history that I just had to start collecting them. Please note: These are not all the examples I have ever found, just examples from people who should know better.
How would it be if, every time someone mentions Channing, Emerson and Parker and implies that they are the whole foundation of UU history, someone snuck in and added Murray, Winchester, Balfour and Ballou? Hmmmm. (Listed in chronological order, more or less.)
---0---
Exhibit #1
1922
The City of Detroit, Michigan, 1701-1922, Volume 5
by Clarence Monroe Burton
Page 188, in the biography of Rollin Howard Stevens, states:
"Dr. Stevens served on the board of trustees of the Church of Our Father and has long been identified with the Unitarian faith."
Comment: Church of Our Father was a Universalist church. After this book was published, their name changed (1934) to First Unitarian-Universalist Church when Detroit's Unitarian congregation consolidated with the Universalists. It is incorrect to refer to members of this Universalist church as Unitarians, particularly prior to the 1934 event in which the Unitarians "moved in" with the Universalists.
---0---
Exhibit #2
1933
Of the 34 people who signed Humanist Manifesto I, it is often stated that "about half (15) were Unitarians."
Comment: This fact is mentioned in the Preface of the Manifesto. In fact, the signers included only 12 Unitarians, 1 Universalist, and 2 individuals who were dually fellowshipped.
The sole Universalist is called a Unitarian and the two in dual fellowship are stripped of their Universalism and called solely Unitarian.
(Email me if you would like a list of the Universalists and Unitarians who signed the Manifesto.)
---0---
Exhibit #3
1956
The famous group of murals, 24 Saints of Liberalism, painted at 3rd Unitarian Chicago 1956–69 by church member Andrene Kauffman, includes 9 Unitarians, 15 non-U/Us, and no Universalists.
The Unitarian subjects are: Susan B. Anthony, Edwin T. Buehrer, William Ellery Channing, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Thomas Jefferson, James Martineau, Thomas Paine, Theodore Parker, Joseph Priestley.
The Non-U/U subjects are: Jane Addams, John Peter Altgeld (progressive governor of IL), Albert Camus, Confucius, Mohandas K. Gandhi, Suddhartha Gautama, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Martin Luther King, Jr., Abraham Lincoln, Jesus of Nazareth, Socrates, Harriet Tubman, Walt Whitman, Woodrow Wilson, Roger Williams.
Info from UU World, Summer 2009, pages 36-39
---0---
Exhibit #4
1991
Book title: Thomas Starr King: Eminent Californian, Civil War Statesman, Unitarian Minister, by Robert A. Monzingo. NY: Boxwood Press, 1991
Comment: Thomas Starr King was ordained both Universalist and Unitarian but here he is described only as a Unitarian.
---0---
Exhibit #5
1991
The UU Alphabet
Song lyric by yours truly, listing one famous U/U for each letter of the alphabet.
The song lists 14 Unitarians (61%), 3 Universalists (13%), 2 UUs (9%), 3 borderline or wrong names (13%), and three letters (U, X, Z) that I had to fudge entirely, not included in percentages.
In my own defense, I wrote the lyric before I knew much Universalist history. I collected the names from list of "famous UUs" that I got from various sources. Since most lists of "famous UUs" at the time were — and still are — approximtely 80% Unitarian, 10% Universalist and 10% wrong, my song lyric ended up being about the same.
(Email me if you would like to see the song.)
---0---
Exhibit #6
1996
"[The Rev. James] Stoll was a minister of the Unitarian Universalist Association--known as the Unitarians--and his act [coming out] was the first of many that came to mark the Unitarians as the country's most accepting, welcoming denomination for homosexuals."
-- Mark Oppenheimer, History Department, Yale University
This is the third sentence in his article, "The Inherent Worth and Dignity": Gay Unitarians and the Birth of Sexual Tolerance in Liberal Religion, published in Journal of the History of Sexuality, Vol. 7, 1996
Article excerpt found online at Questia at
http://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst;jsessionid=L1rMSv1h95SD1n1t0HKQJZp0wqkLYw1TYQ2k7WV0npv33fjFDP1C!-997264469!1888687908?docId=96428120 (viewed online Jan 2, 2010)
Should I be shocked that a professor of history at Yale doesn't know or doesn't care about the difference between a Unitarian and a Unitarian Universalist?
---0---
Exhibit #7
1999
"UUs seem to have two conflicting "myth of origin" stories that influence our sense of roots. One is that we began with Akhenaten, Moses and Jesus, and we're the REAL monotheists. (Though that theory is somewhat out of fashion with the change from "one God at most" to "one God more or less.") Then there's the "creation ex nihilo" out of the heads of Servetus and Channing -- this myth is operationally what many members in UU churches believe. It's interesting what you learn by listening at coffee hours and online UU chats, just to understand what the average congregational member really thinks is the history of our idea and association!"
-- Jone Johnson Lewis, on the UU Historical Society listserv
Comment: She says "UUs" have two origin myths but describes origin myths of Unitarians alone.
---0---
Exhibit #8
date unknown (circa 2000)
I once sat through an entire sermon in a UU church in which the speaker -- a guest and layman -- referred to Walt Whitman three or four times as "a gay Unitarian minister." I don't know who the speaker was thinking of but Walt Whitman was not a minister and was not a Unitarian (he was borderline Universalist at best).
---0---
Exhibit #9
16 Jun 2000
David M. Robinson, Distinguished Professor of American Literature, Department of English, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, posted the following to the UU Historical Society listserv:
BEGIN QUOTE
Dear Fellow UU History Buffs,
I'll be giving a talk at GA on UU History in a session sponsored by the Fulfilling the Promise Task Force (session 446). The official title is "What Our History Might Teach Us," but it has evolved over the spring into a paper with the working title "The Five Phases of Unitarian Universalist History." I thought I would put my basic thesis out on this list in advance for possible reaction, and will perhaps be able to speak with some of you at GA. The "Five Phases" will probably not surprise you, but they gave me the best broad overview of the denomination's development that I could work out. What I was interested in developing was a broadly comprehensive, and thus necessarily very general, "big picture" encapsulation of our history. The five phases are:
(1) the Unitarian Controversy (Great Awakening to the 1830s)
(2) Transcendentalism (1830s to 1860s)
(3) Free Religion (1860s to 1890s)
(4) Humanism (1920s to 1940s)
(5) Social Justice Movements (1960s [or late 1950s?] to the present). . . .
END QUOTE
Comment: This is not an outline of UU history, it is an outline of Unitarian history. It ignores Universalist history and has almost no direct relevance to Universalism. There's nothing wrong with that except that Professor Robinson refers to it as "UU History" and as a "broad overview of the denomination's development."
To Robinson's credit, when it was gently pointed out to him by several others on the list that his outline did not apply to Universalist history, he responded, saying:
"I also agree with you that it falsifies Universalist history to try to read it through categories derived from Unitarian history, such as Transcendentalism and Free Religion. This need to keep things separate historically of course presents some problems. In one sense, all UUs after the merger must own the histories of each denomination. And the history of the denomination after the merger is of course "Unitarian Universalist." But to own those histories does not mean to merge them or erase their uniqueness."
---0---
Exhibit #10
27 Dec 2003
"Still we, in our dictionary of Unitarian and Universalist biography and elsewhere state that Ralph Waldo Emerson, Clara Barton, Horace Mann, John Adams and John Quincy Adams, and others, were 19th century Unitarians. How many Unitarians were there in the 19th century?" [emphasis added]
John Keohane, UUHS listserv
Comment: Clara Barton was a Universalist but here she is lumped in with Unitarians and called a Unitarian.
---0---
Exhibit #11
2004
This Day in Unitarian Universalist History: A Treasury of Anniversaries and Milestones from 600 Years of Religious Tradition, by Frank Schulman, published by Skinner House Books, an imprint of the Unitarian Universalist Association.
Comment: This is, overall, a well written book, with clear, concise entries. It is well laid out and easy to read. It lists, for each day of the calendar year, around two to four milestones in UU history.
The problem is that it is almost all Unitarian history and only a little bit Universalist history. And I hazard to say that the Universalist history seems to be based on Unitarian sources.
I made a count of how many entries are Unitarian, how many Universalist, and how many are Borderline (regarding someone who was a small-u unitarian, for example) or Both.
I was going to count the whole book but stopped after three months (January 1 to March 31) since the trend was obvious.
Out of a total of 293 entries for the first three months, I found:
85% (248) Unitarian entries
10% (28) Universalist entries
3% (9) Borderline
3% (8) Both (Unitarian Universalist combined) (total is 101% due to rounding)
I also checked the bibliography and found a preponderance of Unitarian sources. There were 26 Unitarian, 11 Universalist, and 5 UU history books listed, as well as one general biographical dictionary and one history of the Humanist Manifesto (see Exhibit #2).
---0---
Exhibit #12
2008 (approx)
On the poster entitled 100 Unitarians and Universalists there are 79 Unitarians, 9 Universalists, 5 UUs, 1 labeled "you" (with a little mirror instead of a portrait), and 6 who don't even belong on the poster.
The nine Univeralists are: Hosea Ballou, P.T. Barnum, Clara Barton, Olympia Brown, Augusta Jane Chapin, Mary Livermore, John Murray, Benjamin Rush, Clarence Skinner.
The five UUs are: Tim Berners-Lee, Laurel Salton Clark, Robert Fulghum, Thomas Starr King, Christopher Reeve.
The six who shouldn't be on the poster are: Isaac Asimov, Thomas Carlyle, Theodore Giesel, Thomas Huxley, Robert LaFollette, Daniel Webster.
I do not know who published this poster. There is a framed copy of it hanging in the First UU Church of Detroit, but no publication data visible.
---0---
Exhibit #13
7 Apr 2008
Clint Richmond, on the UU Historical Society listserv, said:
BEGIN QUOTE
The historic First Church in Boston has invited me to speak as part of their adult RE Learning Community. The illustrated presentation is based on my guidebook 'Political Places of Boston' . . .
I will be surveying neighborhood landmarks/events and their UU connections (Boston Pride parade, Boston Common and Faneuil Hall) as well as UU sites (such as UUA headquarters, Beacon Press, Arlington Street Church, and Community Church).
UU people to be mentioned will include Emily Greene Balch, Elliot Richardson, Thomas Wentworth Higginson and Theodore Parker.
The UUA bookstore has kindly carried the book since it was released in 2004. Their copies also have a special insert that makes some of these same connections, which allow you to take a similar such "UU Freedom Trail" if you visit Boston.
END QUOTE
Comment: He calls his book and his talk and his freedom trail all "UU" but with the exception of the UUA headquarters, everything mentioned is 100% Unitarian; there seems to be nothing Universalist included.
---0---
Exhibit #14
Apr 2009
Dictionary of UU Biography
Comment: I counted the Unitarians and the Universalists in the Dictionary of UU Biography because it seemed as if most of the entries were on Unitarians. I made the count in Apr 2009.
Of the 932 Individuals listed:
68% (633) are Unitarian
18% (172) are Universalist
3% (32) are Both
11% (98) are Unknown (to me at this time)
Comment: The editor in chief of this project specializes in Universalist history, so I am hopeful that as the project goes forward, the difference between the number of Unitarian and Universalist articles will be lessened.
(Email me if you would like to see a list the actual names and how I counted them.)
---0---
Exhibit #15
May 2009
This website gives a brief history of "UUism" based solely on Ralph Waldo Emerson who was a Unitarian minister for about 4 years (1829-1833) then withdrew from the denomination.
---0---
Exhibit #16
Jun 2009
Philosopedia
Warren Allen Smith's website has a summary page listing the names of 325 notable Unitarians who are profiled on his site (there are a few doubles and other anomalies so the correct number is about 323), and another summary page listing all the Universalists, of which there are 45.
But wait, four of the individuals listed as Universalists were actually Unitarians, so the actual number of Universalists listed is only 41. (The four are Dan McKanan, Winifred Latimer Norman, Arpad Szabo; plus Hosea Ballou I is listed twice, the second time as Josea Ballou.)
I also checked the Unitarian list to see if any names belong on the Universalist list and found four (Johannes Auer, Adin Ballou, Angus MacLean, Clinton Lee Scott).
Comment: The site is about 85% Unitarian and 15% Universalist.
---0---
Exhibit #17
4 Nov 2009
UU historian John Keohane's proposed four-session "Course in Adult Religious Education on UU History," as posted on the UU Historical Society listserv.
BEGIN QUOTE
1) Ballou and Channing Both were 19th century Protestant Christian ministers in Boston. Each read the Bible more seriously than their "orthodox" brethren. They were from different strata of society, and they didn't like each other. Hosea Ballou (1771-1852) was a Universalist. He found in the Bible evidence for Universal Salvation. William Ellery Channing (1780-1842) was a Unitarian. He found lack of Biblical evidence lacking for the Trinity. He thought the Bible must be read with the use of reason.
2) The Humanists of the mid-20th century Evidence that Unitarians had gone clearly beyond our Christian roots. We'll discuss the Humanist Manifesto (1933), and some of those who signed it, including ministers John Dietrich and Edwin H. Wilson. We'll then go to another Humanist, the distinguished scientist and physiologist Maurice Visscher, learning of some of the early medical missionary work of the Unitarian (now UU) Service Committee. We'll also learn of Visscher's social action, of the science, and his actions to end atmospheric nuclear tests.
3) Unitarians and Universalists for Civil Rights We'll discuss UU martyrs at Selma, James Reeb, a minister from Boston, and Viola Liuzzo, a housewife and mother from Michigan, whose Oldsmobile with the Michigan plates stood out in the red clay of Alabama. We'll then move our discussion to a giant of the United States Senate, the Quaker-Unitarian Paul H. Douglas, of Illinois, who led the way for civil rights in his 18 years in the US Senate (1949-67), and each year reported his net worth and income to the penny, while rejecting any gift over $5, and refusing his disability pension from the United States Marines.
4) Unitarians and Universalists in the last 50 years Pre-merger cooperation on Religious Education, a hymnal, etc. leading to merger in 1961, to become the Unitarian Universalist Association.
END QUOTE
Comment: His course includes about 85% Unitarian and 15% Universalist material. The number of Universalist people mentioned here is exactly one: Hosea Ballou, although one could also count Viola Liuzzo who belonged to a joint Unitarian Universalist congregation.
---0---
Visit my online used bookstore and check out my little booklet, A Who's Who of UUs
Thanks and Happy New Year y'all.
---0---
Showing posts with label religious history. Show all posts
Showing posts with label religious history. Show all posts
02 January 2010
18 November 2009
9 Differences between Universalists and Unitarians, and 4 Things They Have in Common
. . . In my experience, the average Unitarian Universalist knows very little about UU history, and what they do know is usually superficial and often downright incorrect. Even more alarming is that often, when I chat about Universalism, I find that the average UU knows even less about Universalist history. Inevitable they will ask me, what's the difference between Unitarians and Universalists anyway? Hence this little list.
Please note: These lists are historical in content. By the 1920s-1940s, most of these differences ceased to matter. American Universalists and American Unitarians consolidated in 1961, although among UUs today there are still some that identify more with one side than the other.
(Much of this material is from the massive book by Russell E. Miller, The Larger Hope, Volume 2: The Second Century of the Universalist Church in America, 1870–1970.)
9 Differences between Universalists and Unitarians
1. In the early days, Universalism appealed mainly to the common people while Unitarianism appealed to a much smaller and wealthier class.
2. In the early days, there were few college graduates among the ministers of Universalism but nearly every Unitarian preacher was a graduate of Harvard.
3. In the early days, Universalist preachers, typified by Hosea Ballou I (1771–1852), were philosophers, poets, reformers, philanthropists. Unitarian preachers, typified by William Ellery Channing (1780–1842), were thinkers, logicians, theologians, controversialists.
4. Unitarians appealed to the aristocratic, cultural, trained mind. Universalists appealed to the democratic, spiritual, "warmth and fervor" side.
5. Universalists hung on to the Bible longer than the Unitarians. Universalists emphasized the goodness of God and the moral leadership of Jesus. Unitarians emphasized biblical criticism and the ethical elements in political and social problems.
6. Unitarianism never took hold among the common people. Unitarians saw their mission being with the scholarly and elite.
7. Universalists were ahead of Unitarians in racial equality. African Americans were members of the first Universalist congregation in America. Universalists started schools and social service agencies to help poverty-stricken blacks after the Civil War. Universalists had interracial congregations in Northern cities and black congregations in the rural South. On the other hand, the American Unitarian Association (AUA) systematically ignored the few black preachers and congregations their faith attracted. In slavery days there were even some Unitarians who owned slaves and defended human slavery, and in the early 20th century the AUA actually published books by Unitarian authors on white racial superiority.
8. Universalists led the way in women's equality. They accepted a woman preacher as early as 1811 (Maria Cook, 1779–1835), ordained the first woman in 1860 (Lydia Ann Jenkins, 1824–1874), and in 1869 had a national organization of Universalist women that stood on par with the church. Unitarians did ordained a few women in the late 1800s, but in the early 20th century they actually pushed women who wanted to be ministers into "parish assistant" roles.
9. There is no record of a Universalist ever excluding a Unitarian from their circle. There are several examples on record of Unitarians excluding Universalists.
4 Things Unitarians and Universalists had in Common
1. Both were radical Protestant denominations with their roots in Europe; both started in North America in the late 1700s. The first Universalist congregation here was formed in Massachusetts in 1779. The first Unitarian congregation, also in Massachusetts, came into being in 1785.
2. Both denominations preached absolute freedom of religion, asserting that each person had the right to question, to learn, and to make up his or her own mind on matters of religious doctrine.
3. Both denominations practiced democracy in church governance.
4. Unitarian and Universalist views of the nature of Jesus have been essentially identical since the late 1700s.
---0---
Find more Universalist and Unitarian history in my little booklet, A Who's Who of UUs
Visit my online bookstore
Shop for used, rare, and out of print books and collectible ephemera from reputable independent dealers at TomFolio.com
---0---
. . . In my experience, the average Unitarian Universalist knows very little about UU history, and what they do know is usually superficial and often downright incorrect. Even more alarming is that often, when I chat about Universalism, I find that the average UU knows even less about Universalist history. Inevitable they will ask me, what's the difference between Unitarians and Universalists anyway? Hence this little list.
Please note: These lists are historical in content. By the 1920s-1940s, most of these differences ceased to matter. American Universalists and American Unitarians consolidated in 1961, although among UUs today there are still some that identify more with one side than the other.
(Much of this material is from the massive book by Russell E. Miller, The Larger Hope, Volume 2: The Second Century of the Universalist Church in America, 1870–1970.)
9 Differences between Universalists and Unitarians
1. In the early days, Universalism appealed mainly to the common people while Unitarianism appealed to a much smaller and wealthier class.
2. In the early days, there were few college graduates among the ministers of Universalism but nearly every Unitarian preacher was a graduate of Harvard.
3. In the early days, Universalist preachers, typified by Hosea Ballou I (1771–1852), were philosophers, poets, reformers, philanthropists. Unitarian preachers, typified by William Ellery Channing (1780–1842), were thinkers, logicians, theologians, controversialists.
4. Unitarians appealed to the aristocratic, cultural, trained mind. Universalists appealed to the democratic, spiritual, "warmth and fervor" side.
5. Universalists hung on to the Bible longer than the Unitarians. Universalists emphasized the goodness of God and the moral leadership of Jesus. Unitarians emphasized biblical criticism and the ethical elements in political and social problems.
6. Unitarianism never took hold among the common people. Unitarians saw their mission being with the scholarly and elite.
7. Universalists were ahead of Unitarians in racial equality. African Americans were members of the first Universalist congregation in America. Universalists started schools and social service agencies to help poverty-stricken blacks after the Civil War. Universalists had interracial congregations in Northern cities and black congregations in the rural South. On the other hand, the American Unitarian Association (AUA) systematically ignored the few black preachers and congregations their faith attracted. In slavery days there were even some Unitarians who owned slaves and defended human slavery, and in the early 20th century the AUA actually published books by Unitarian authors on white racial superiority.
8. Universalists led the way in women's equality. They accepted a woman preacher as early as 1811 (Maria Cook, 1779–1835), ordained the first woman in 1860 (Lydia Ann Jenkins, 1824–1874), and in 1869 had a national organization of Universalist women that stood on par with the church. Unitarians did ordained a few women in the late 1800s, but in the early 20th century they actually pushed women who wanted to be ministers into "parish assistant" roles.
9. There is no record of a Universalist ever excluding a Unitarian from their circle. There are several examples on record of Unitarians excluding Universalists.
4 Things Unitarians and Universalists had in Common
1. Both were radical Protestant denominations with their roots in Europe; both started in North America in the late 1700s. The first Universalist congregation here was formed in Massachusetts in 1779. The first Unitarian congregation, also in Massachusetts, came into being in 1785.
2. Both denominations preached absolute freedom of religion, asserting that each person had the right to question, to learn, and to make up his or her own mind on matters of religious doctrine.
3. Both denominations practiced democracy in church governance.
4. Unitarian and Universalist views of the nature of Jesus have been essentially identical since the late 1700s.
---0---
Find more Universalist and Unitarian history in my little booklet, A Who's Who of UUs
Visit my online bookstore
Shop for used, rare, and out of print books and collectible ephemera from reputable independent dealers at TomFolio.com
---0---
11 November 2009
30 Universalist Schools of Higher Education Operating in the United States in the 19th Century
. . . As long as I'm dispelling myths of Universalist history, I might as well post this list.
I hear now and again from my fellow UUs that the Universalist side of our denomination was small and rural and never amounted to all that much until they merged with the Unitarians (1961). Well, I'm not one for lying down when I hear such a myth being perpetuated. Universalists accomplished many things and this list merely recites the vast number of schools of higher education they founded during the period of their greatest activity and influence.
(Apart from these higher institutions of learning, Universalists also opened countless "lower" schools. The list below is in chronological order.)
1. 1819. Nichols Academy, Dudley, Massachusetts, operated under Universalist auspices 1819–1823, closed in 1911, reopened later as a four year college
2. 1831. Clinton Liberal Institute, Clinton, New York, 1831–1900
3. 1831. Westbrook Seminary, Westbrook, Maine, operated by Universalists 1831–1925, then became non-sectarian
4. 1832. Western Union Seminary, Philomath, Indiana, 1832–1841
5. 1833. American Literary, Scientific, and Military Academy, Norwich, Vermont, supported by many Universalists 1833–1847
6. 1835. Waterville Liberal Institute, Waterville, Maine, 1835–1857
7. 1835. Unity Scientific and Military Academy, Unity, New Hampshire, 1835–1840
8. 1835. Lebanon Liberal Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire, 1835–1850
9. 1838. Methuen Liberal Institute, a.k.a. Murray Institute, Methuen, Massachusetts, 1838–1839
10. 1843. Reading Academy, also known as Reading Seminary, Reading, Massachusetts, 1843–1868, joint effort of Universalist and Unitarians, later called Melrose Academy, Wakefield, Massachusetts, then Greenwood Seminary
11. 1843. Mount Caesar Seminary–Swanzey Academy, Swanzey, New Hampshire, 1843–1859
12. 1844. Southold Academy, Long Island, New York, founded 1834, operated by Universalists from 1844, became Southold Collegiate Institute 1858, operated by St. Patrick's Catholic Church from 1863
13. 1847. Melrose Academy, West Brattleboro, Vermont, 1847–1852
14. 1848. Green Mountain Liberal Institute, then Green Mountain Perkins Institute, South Woodstock, Vermont, 1848–1893
15. 1849. Western Liberal Institute, Marietta, Ohio, 1849–1853
16. 1852. Tufts College, Boston, Massachusetts, 1852–1955, became Tufts University, 1955–present
17. 1865. Dean Academy, Franklin, Massachusetts, 1865–1957
18. 1851. Illinois Liberal Institute, Galesburg IL, 1851–1857, became Lombard University 1857–1900, prep school called Lombard College added in 1900. Taken over by Unitarians in 1928 as part of a proposed merger of denominations. Merged with Knox College in 1930 and Lombard College as a separate institution came to an end (see number 28). Was the first college or university to admit women to all its departments and all its degree programs equally with men.
19. 1852. Divinity School, then Crane Theological School, part of Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
20. 1852. Orleans Liberal Institute, Glover, Vermont, 1852–1872
21. 1856. St. Lawrence University, Canton, New York, 1856–1910, ceased to be run by Universalists 1910 http://www.stlawu.edu/
22. 1858. Canton Theological School, part of St. Lawrence University
23. 1866. Jefferson Liberal Institute, Jefferson, Wisconsin, 1866–1877, became public school 1877
24. 1867. Smithson College, Logansport, Indiana, 1867–1878, sexes were equal in rules, salaries, classes, etc.
25. 1868. Goddard Seminary, Barre, Vermont, 1868–1938, became Goddard College, Plainfield, Vermont, 1938–present http://www.goddard.edu/
26. 1872. Mitchell Seminary, Mitchellville, Iowa, 1872–1879
27. 1872. Buchtel College, Akron, Ohio, 1872–1907, ceased to be run by Universalists in 1907, evolved into University of Akron. In 1875, the college had two professorships for women endowed by contributions of Universalist women.
28. 1881. Ryder Divinity School, theological school attached to Lombard University, Galesburg, Illinois, 1881–1912. The school was transferred to Chicago and affiliated with the University of Chicago Divinity Schools 1912–1928, then transferred to Meadville Theological School (opened by Unitarians in Meadville, Pennsylvania, later moved to Illinois) in 1928. Today the school is known as Meadville/Lombard.
29. 1891. Throop Polytechnic Institute, Pasadena, California, 1891–1894, Universalists ceased to control it in 1894, it evolved into the California Institute of Technology in 1920
30. 1899. Southern Industrial College, Camp Hill, Alabama, 1899–1942, passed out of Universalist hands about 1942, named changed to Lyman Ward Military Academy 1955
Visit my online bookstore
Find more Universalist and Unitarian history in my little booklet, A Who's Who of UUs
Find books and ephemera on religious history or any other topic from reputable independent dealers at TomFolio.com
---0---
. . . As long as I'm dispelling myths of Universalist history, I might as well post this list.
I hear now and again from my fellow UUs that the Universalist side of our denomination was small and rural and never amounted to all that much until they merged with the Unitarians (1961). Well, I'm not one for lying down when I hear such a myth being perpetuated. Universalists accomplished many things and this list merely recites the vast number of schools of higher education they founded during the period of their greatest activity and influence.
(Apart from these higher institutions of learning, Universalists also opened countless "lower" schools. The list below is in chronological order.)
1. 1819. Nichols Academy, Dudley, Massachusetts, operated under Universalist auspices 1819–1823, closed in 1911, reopened later as a four year college
2. 1831. Clinton Liberal Institute, Clinton, New York, 1831–1900
3. 1831. Westbrook Seminary, Westbrook, Maine, operated by Universalists 1831–1925, then became non-sectarian
4. 1832. Western Union Seminary, Philomath, Indiana, 1832–1841
5. 1833. American Literary, Scientific, and Military Academy, Norwich, Vermont, supported by many Universalists 1833–1847
6. 1835. Waterville Liberal Institute, Waterville, Maine, 1835–1857
7. 1835. Unity Scientific and Military Academy, Unity, New Hampshire, 1835–1840
8. 1835. Lebanon Liberal Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire, 1835–1850
9. 1838. Methuen Liberal Institute, a.k.a. Murray Institute, Methuen, Massachusetts, 1838–1839
10. 1843. Reading Academy, also known as Reading Seminary, Reading, Massachusetts, 1843–1868, joint effort of Universalist and Unitarians, later called Melrose Academy, Wakefield, Massachusetts, then Greenwood Seminary
11. 1843. Mount Caesar Seminary–Swanzey Academy, Swanzey, New Hampshire, 1843–1859
12. 1844. Southold Academy, Long Island, New York, founded 1834, operated by Universalists from 1844, became Southold Collegiate Institute 1858, operated by St. Patrick's Catholic Church from 1863
13. 1847. Melrose Academy, West Brattleboro, Vermont, 1847–1852
14. 1848. Green Mountain Liberal Institute, then Green Mountain Perkins Institute, South Woodstock, Vermont, 1848–1893
15. 1849. Western Liberal Institute, Marietta, Ohio, 1849–1853
16. 1852. Tufts College, Boston, Massachusetts, 1852–1955, became Tufts University, 1955–present
17. 1865. Dean Academy, Franklin, Massachusetts, 1865–1957
18. 1851. Illinois Liberal Institute, Galesburg IL, 1851–1857, became Lombard University 1857–1900, prep school called Lombard College added in 1900. Taken over by Unitarians in 1928 as part of a proposed merger of denominations. Merged with Knox College in 1930 and Lombard College as a separate institution came to an end (see number 28). Was the first college or university to admit women to all its departments and all its degree programs equally with men.
19. 1852. Divinity School, then Crane Theological School, part of Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
20. 1852. Orleans Liberal Institute, Glover, Vermont, 1852–1872
21. 1856. St. Lawrence University, Canton, New York, 1856–1910, ceased to be run by Universalists 1910 http://www.stlawu.edu/
22. 1858. Canton Theological School, part of St. Lawrence University
23. 1866. Jefferson Liberal Institute, Jefferson, Wisconsin, 1866–1877, became public school 1877
24. 1867. Smithson College, Logansport, Indiana, 1867–1878, sexes were equal in rules, salaries, classes, etc.
25. 1868. Goddard Seminary, Barre, Vermont, 1868–1938, became Goddard College, Plainfield, Vermont, 1938–present http://www.goddard.edu/
26. 1872. Mitchell Seminary, Mitchellville, Iowa, 1872–1879
27. 1872. Buchtel College, Akron, Ohio, 1872–1907, ceased to be run by Universalists in 1907, evolved into University of Akron. In 1875, the college had two professorships for women endowed by contributions of Universalist women.
28. 1881. Ryder Divinity School, theological school attached to Lombard University, Galesburg, Illinois, 1881–1912. The school was transferred to Chicago and affiliated with the University of Chicago Divinity Schools 1912–1928, then transferred to Meadville Theological School (opened by Unitarians in Meadville, Pennsylvania, later moved to Illinois) in 1928. Today the school is known as Meadville/Lombard.
29. 1891. Throop Polytechnic Institute, Pasadena, California, 1891–1894, Universalists ceased to control it in 1894, it evolved into the California Institute of Technology in 1920
30. 1899. Southern Industrial College, Camp Hill, Alabama, 1899–1942, passed out of Universalist hands about 1942, named changed to Lyman Ward Military Academy 1955
(The vast majority of these data were extracted from The Larger Hope, Volume 1: The First Century of the Universalist Church in America, 1770–1870, by Russell E. Miller, published by Boston: Unitarian Universalist Association, 1979)
Visit my online bookstore
Find more Universalist and Unitarian history in my little booklet, A Who's Who of UUs
Find books and ephemera on religious history or any other topic from reputable independent dealers at TomFolio.com
---0---
05 November 2009
10 Welsh Unitarian Leaders and 1 Notable Welsh Universalist
. . . Culled from my not-so-little booklet, A Who's Who of UUs.
1. The Rev. D. Jacob Davies (1916–74), poet; television personality; champion of Welsh language, literature and culture; wrote Plwm Pwdin, a Rhagor o Storïau Digrif 1950 and other works in Welsh; Unitarian
2. The Rev. John Gwenogvryn Evans (1852–1903), scholar and paleographer of Welsh history and literature; printer-publisher of facsimile editions of ancient Welsh manuscripts; honorary D.Litt from Oxford 1901; ordained Unitarian 1877
3. The Rev. Thomas Evans (a.k.a. Tomos Glyn Cothi) (1764–1833), poet; hymnwriter; radical; translated into Welsh and published works of radical Unitarian preachers Joseph Priestley and Theophilus Lindsey; editor-publisher of highly controversial paper 'Miscellaneous Repository' 1795–96; imprisoned for sedition 1801–03; author-publisher of the English-Welsh Dictionary 1809 and hymnal Cyfansoddiad O Hymnau 1811; minister at Hen-Dy-Cwrdd Unitarian Chapel for 22 years, 1811–33 (first Unitarian church in Wales, founded 1751)
4. Thomas Griffiths (a.k.a. Tau Gimel, Thomas Jeremy) (c.1797–1871), hymnwriter; while minister at Cribin and Ciliau Aeron 1822–41 founded several schools; author-editor of the hymnal Casgliad o Hymnau 1830; Unitarian
5. Baron Sir Benjamin Hall (1802–67), Member of Parliament for 28 years, 1831–59; known there for his height and corpulence as 'Big Ben'; legend has it that as the first minister of public works 1855–58 his name was cast into the great bell installed into the Houses of Parliament in London, whence came the bell's nickname, 'Big Ben'; Unitarian
6. The Rev. Jenkin Lloyd Jones (1843–1918), Welsh–American social activist; uncle of famed architect Frank Lloyd Wright; organizer of Unitarian fellowships (lay-led congregations); founding secretary of the Western Unitarian Sunday School Society 1874–80; president of the Western Unitarian Conference 1875–84; founding editor 'Unity' 1878–97 (weekly of same); founding pastor of Chicago's first multi-racial congregation, All Souls Church, 1882–1918; organized the first World Parliament of Religions 1893 (gathering of all world faiths, model for interfaith cooperation, part of the Columbian Exposition, a.k.a. Chicago World's Fair); founding president of the Congress of Religions 1893–1906; founding general secretary of the American Congress of Liberal Religion 1894–1906; founding trustee and head resident of the Abraham Lincoln Centre, an enormous non-sectarian social service origination in Chicago, 1900–18; ordained Unitarian 1870
7. John Jones (c.1766–1827), author; classical scholar; expert on ancient languages; frequent contributor to periodicals; assistant tutor at the Presbyterian (Unitarian) Academy in Swansea 1792–95; founding principal of a school at Halifax, Yorkshire 1798; wrote Events Calculated to Restore Christian Religion to Purity 1800, Grammar of the Greek Tongue 1808, Grammar of the Latin Tongue 1810, Greek and English Lexicon 1823, Principles of Lexicography 1824 and many other books; honorary LL.D. from the University of Aberdeen 1818; Unitarian
8. The Rev. Richard Price (1723–1791), D.D.; Welsh–English; philosopher; author; among the principal leaders of English Nonconformism (Unitarianism); elected member of the Royal Society 1765; wrote Principle Questions in Morals 1757, An Appeal to the Public on the Subject of the National Debt 1772, Observations on Civil Liberty 1776 (supporting American independence) and other books on finances, politics, theology; longtime pastor at Unitarian Church of Newington Green (now part of London)
9. The Rev. James Relly (1722–78), theologian; wrote Union: or Treatise on Consanguinity and Affinity between Christ and His Church 1759 (the first important modern work on universal salvation, published in London); credited with converting pioneer American preacher the Rev. John Murray from Methodism to Universalism; ordained Methodist, defrocked, became Universalist
10. The Rev. William Thomas (bardic name Gwilym Marles) (1834–79), great-uncle of poet Dylan Thomas; poet; hymnwriter; social reformer; founding principal of a grammar school at Llwynrhydown; Unitarian
11. Edward Williams (bardic name Iolo Morganwg) (1747–1826), poet; 'the Welsh Shakespeare;' founded Gorsedd Beirdd Ynys Prydain (Community of Bards of the Island of Britain); forged large assortment of 'ancient' manuscripts including 'unknown' poems by famous bards, Druid antiquities and lore, bardic alphabet, etc; compiled hymnal Salmau yr Eglwys yn yr Anialwch 1812; founded the South Wales Unitarian Society
---0---
Click here to purchase a copy of A Who's Who of UUs, just reduced in price. (Be sure to inquire about quantity discounts)
Browse more books and ephemera on UUism at my bookstore
Browse items on religious history or any other topic from my reputable used-book colleagues
---0---
. . . Culled from my not-so-little booklet, A Who's Who of UUs.
1. The Rev. D. Jacob Davies (1916–74), poet; television personality; champion of Welsh language, literature and culture; wrote Plwm Pwdin, a Rhagor o Storïau Digrif 1950 and other works in Welsh; Unitarian
2. The Rev. John Gwenogvryn Evans (1852–1903), scholar and paleographer of Welsh history and literature; printer-publisher of facsimile editions of ancient Welsh manuscripts; honorary D.Litt from Oxford 1901; ordained Unitarian 1877
3. The Rev. Thomas Evans (a.k.a. Tomos Glyn Cothi) (1764–1833), poet; hymnwriter; radical; translated into Welsh and published works of radical Unitarian preachers Joseph Priestley and Theophilus Lindsey; editor-publisher of highly controversial paper 'Miscellaneous Repository' 1795–96; imprisoned for sedition 1801–03; author-publisher of the English-Welsh Dictionary 1809 and hymnal Cyfansoddiad O Hymnau 1811; minister at Hen-Dy-Cwrdd Unitarian Chapel for 22 years, 1811–33 (first Unitarian church in Wales, founded 1751)
4. Thomas Griffiths (a.k.a. Tau Gimel, Thomas Jeremy) (c.1797–1871), hymnwriter; while minister at Cribin and Ciliau Aeron 1822–41 founded several schools; author-editor of the hymnal Casgliad o Hymnau 1830; Unitarian
5. Baron Sir Benjamin Hall (1802–67), Member of Parliament for 28 years, 1831–59; known there for his height and corpulence as 'Big Ben'; legend has it that as the first minister of public works 1855–58 his name was cast into the great bell installed into the Houses of Parliament in London, whence came the bell's nickname, 'Big Ben'; Unitarian
6. The Rev. Jenkin Lloyd Jones (1843–1918), Welsh–American social activist; uncle of famed architect Frank Lloyd Wright; organizer of Unitarian fellowships (lay-led congregations); founding secretary of the Western Unitarian Sunday School Society 1874–80; president of the Western Unitarian Conference 1875–84; founding editor 'Unity' 1878–97 (weekly of same); founding pastor of Chicago's first multi-racial congregation, All Souls Church, 1882–1918; organized the first World Parliament of Religions 1893 (gathering of all world faiths, model for interfaith cooperation, part of the Columbian Exposition, a.k.a. Chicago World's Fair); founding president of the Congress of Religions 1893–1906; founding general secretary of the American Congress of Liberal Religion 1894–1906; founding trustee and head resident of the Abraham Lincoln Centre, an enormous non-sectarian social service origination in Chicago, 1900–18; ordained Unitarian 1870
7. John Jones (c.1766–1827), author; classical scholar; expert on ancient languages; frequent contributor to periodicals; assistant tutor at the Presbyterian (Unitarian) Academy in Swansea 1792–95; founding principal of a school at Halifax, Yorkshire 1798; wrote Events Calculated to Restore Christian Religion to Purity 1800, Grammar of the Greek Tongue 1808, Grammar of the Latin Tongue 1810, Greek and English Lexicon 1823, Principles of Lexicography 1824 and many other books; honorary LL.D. from the University of Aberdeen 1818; Unitarian
8. The Rev. Richard Price (1723–1791), D.D.; Welsh–English; philosopher; author; among the principal leaders of English Nonconformism (Unitarianism); elected member of the Royal Society 1765; wrote Principle Questions in Morals 1757, An Appeal to the Public on the Subject of the National Debt 1772, Observations on Civil Liberty 1776 (supporting American independence) and other books on finances, politics, theology; longtime pastor at Unitarian Church of Newington Green (now part of London)
9. The Rev. James Relly (1722–78), theologian; wrote Union: or Treatise on Consanguinity and Affinity between Christ and His Church 1759 (the first important modern work on universal salvation, published in London); credited with converting pioneer American preacher the Rev. John Murray from Methodism to Universalism; ordained Methodist, defrocked, became Universalist
10. The Rev. William Thomas (bardic name Gwilym Marles) (1834–79), great-uncle of poet Dylan Thomas; poet; hymnwriter; social reformer; founding principal of a grammar school at Llwynrhydown; Unitarian
11. Edward Williams (bardic name Iolo Morganwg) (1747–1826), poet; 'the Welsh Shakespeare;' founded Gorsedd Beirdd Ynys Prydain (Community of Bards of the Island of Britain); forged large assortment of 'ancient' manuscripts including 'unknown' poems by famous bards, Druid antiquities and lore, bardic alphabet, etc; compiled hymnal Salmau yr Eglwys yn yr Anialwch 1812; founded the South Wales Unitarian Society
---0---
Click here to purchase a copy of A Who's Who of UUs, just reduced in price. (Be sure to inquire about quantity discounts)
Browse more books and ephemera on UUism at my bookstore
Browse items on religious history or any other topic from my reputable used-book colleagues
---0---
03 November 2009
40 Synonyms for Universalism
. . . As a student of Universalist history, I find myself intrigued by all the words and phrases that have been used over the years to refer to Universalism or to the doctrine of universal salvation, the primary tenet of Universalism.
I have collected over 100 of these words and phrases but am posting only 40 here. They have been culled from many sources, the most common being 19th-century American books and periodicals published by Universalists. This religion was the fifth largest in the United States in the 1850s and 1860s and the great majority of my research has been around this period.
Unitarian Universalists have a tendency to undercut or even ignore Universalist history for some reason. (I am collecting examples of this tendency and will post them here one day.) And, while Unitarian history does interest me somewhat, there are already plenty of people doing research there, but only a handful of people researching Universalism. As a lifelong Unitarian Universalist I have witnessed countless examples of our faith being referred to solely as Unitarianism, but for myself, I am more inspired by the history and message of Universalism.
General Terms
---0---
Please visit my online used bookstore
Browse my books and ephemera on UUism
Browse books on religion or any other topic at TomFolio.com
Find out more about Unitarian Universalism
---0---
. . . As a student of Universalist history, I find myself intrigued by all the words and phrases that have been used over the years to refer to Universalism or to the doctrine of universal salvation, the primary tenet of Universalism.
I have collected over 100 of these words and phrases but am posting only 40 here. They have been culled from many sources, the most common being 19th-century American books and periodicals published by Universalists. This religion was the fifth largest in the United States in the 1850s and 1860s and the great majority of my research has been around this period.
Unitarian Universalists have a tendency to undercut or even ignore Universalist history for some reason. (I am collecting examples of this tendency and will post them here one day.) And, while Unitarian history does interest me somewhat, there are already plenty of people doing research there, but only a handful of people researching Universalism. As a lifelong Unitarian Universalist I have witnessed countless examples of our faith being referred to solely as Unitarianism, but for myself, I am more inspired by the history and message of Universalism.
General Terms
- 1. universalism
- 2. universal salvation
- 3. universal grace
- 4. universal holiness and happiness
- 5. universal reconciliation
- 6. universal restoration
- 7. restorationism
- 8. the larger faith
- 9. the larger hope
- 10. the great salvation
- 11. the better gospel
- 12. the message of universal joy
- 13. primitive Christianity
- 14. liberal Christianity
- 15. the Abrahamic religion
- 16. Origenism, the belief that all people will attain heaven, not just a select few. After Origen of Alexandria (185-254), Egyptian theologian, leader of a school of theology at Alexandria 203-254, compiler of the first parallel-text bibles, the Hexapla and Octapla
- 17. Arminianism and 18. Remonstrantism, the belief that Christ died for all, not some. After the Rev. Jacobus Arminius (1560-1609), Dutch theologian, chair of theology at the University of Leiden 1595-1609, first to espouse the doctrine of free will. His followers were called Remonstrants.
- 19. Rellyism or Rellyanism, the doctrine of universal salvation. After the Rev. James Relly (1722-1778), Welsh theologian, wrote Union: or a Treatise on Consanguinity and Affinity between Christ and His Church 1759, the first important modern work on universalism
- 20. the free church
- 21. the better covenant
- 22. the everlasting gospel
- 23. the gospel of illimitable grace
- 24. the message by which captive souls were made free
- 25. the purification and happiness of the entire human race
- 26. the impartial gospel of the Lord Jesus
- 27. salvation, full, free and sure
- 28. the gospel hope in the salvation of a whole world
- 29. the Universalean belief
- 30. the most happifying truth ever presented to man
- 31. the gospel of universal benevolence and salvation
- 32. the liberation of all souls
- 33. the restoration of every fallen spirit
- 34. the final conversion of all evil beings
- 35. that precious faith (from the Rev. Edward Mott Woolley, 1803-1853)
- 36. the Democracy of Christianity (from the Rev. James Freeman Clarke, 1810-1888, Unitarian)
- 37. the sublime and heavenly doctrine of universal benevolence (from the Rev. Pitt Morse, 1796-1860)
- 38. the doctrine of God's universal goodness to his children (from Lucy Barns, 1780-1839, daughter of the Rev. Thomas Barns)
- 39. finished salvation (from the Rev. James Relly)
- 40. the black hole of our history (from Nancy Proctor, who, after completing an online course on UU history offered by the Starr King School for Religion, founded by Unitarians, said one of the references filled "what for me is the black hole of our history," referring to Universalism)
---0---
Please visit my online used bookstore
Browse my books and ephemera on UUism
Browse books on religion or any other topic at TomFolio.com
Find out more about Unitarian Universalism
---0---
26 October 2009
33 Unitarian Publishers
. . . Names of Unitarians who were publishers and/or printers, most in the United States, some in Europe, one in India. I have listed them in chronological order by earliest date found, and have listed other known dates they were in operation. I have also listed their home city and, if I have the address, I have given that as well. Some of these individuals were Unitarians for only part of their lives, but I have listed their publishing careers as fully as I can. See also my post from yesterday, 34 Universalist publishers.
1560s
1. Rakow Press — Rakow, Poland, 1569 (Jadwiga Sienienska, proprietor)
1740s
2. Rogers & Fowle — Queen-street, Boston, 1741, 1749; Fowle — Queen-street, Boston, 1754; Daniel Fowle — Portsmouth NH, 1757
1770s
3. Joseph Johnson — London, England, 1772-1808
1780s
4. Greenleaf & Freeman — Boston, 1785
1820s
5. New-York Unitarian Book Society — NY, 1822
6. F. B. Wright — Castle Street, Liverpool, England, 1822-25; R. B. Wright — Liverpool, England, 1829
7. Unitarian Press — Dhurmtollah, Calcutta, India, 1823 (Ram Mohun Roy, 1774-1833, and Rev. William Adam, 1796-1881, proprietors)
8. Unitarian Book and Pamphlet Society — Boston, Aug 1827-1838
1830s
9. American Unitarian Association — Boston, 1830s-1961
10. Ticknor & Fields (James T. Fields, 1817-1881) — Boston, 1854–68; Fields, Osgood & Co. — Boston, 1868-71; James R. Osgood & Co. — Boston, 1871-78; J. R. Osgood & Co. — Boston, 1877
11. L. C. Bowles — Boston, 1835; Leonard C. Bowles, 134 Washington Street, Boston, 1854, 1864
1840s
12. Unitarian Association — London, England, 1840
1850s
13. H. Farley — Boston, 1851 (Harriet Farley)
14. Walker, Wise & Co. — 245 Washington Street, Boston, 1859-64
15. Beacon Press — Boston, 1850s to present
1870s
16. British & Foreign Unitarian Association — 178 Strand, London, 1871, 1878, 1893
1880s
17. Geo. H. Ellis — Boston, 1880-1913; G. H. Ellis — 1881
18. Charles H. Kerr & Co. — Chicago, 1886–1928; C. H. Kerr & Co. — Chicago, 1899
19. W.H. Gannett Co. — Augusta ME, 1887 (William Howard Gannett, 1854-?)
1910s
20. Haldeman-Julius Publications — Girard KS, 1919–51 (Emanuel Haldeman-Julius, 1889-1951)
1920s
21. W. M. Kiplinger — Washington DC, 1923-67 (Williard Monroe Kiplinger, 1891-1967)
22. Guy Gannett Communications 1921-54 (Guy Patterson Gannett, 1881-1954)
23. Gannett Co. — 1923-57 (Frank Earnest Gannett, 1876-1957)
24. Unitarian Laymen’s League — 7 Park Square, Boston, 1924
25. Unitarian Historical Society — Boston, 1925, 1953
26. Harriet Ware Publishers — Boston, 1926–62 (Harriet Ware, 1877-1962)
1930s
27. Lindsey Press — London, 1931, 1947 (named in honor of Rev. Theophilus Lindsey, 1723-1808)
1940s
28. E. W. Scripps Co. — 1946 (Charles E. Scripps, 1920- , board chair)
1950s
29. Nocalor Press — Monroe NC, 1951 (John Raymond Shute, proprietor)
30. Starr King Press — Boston, 1958 (division of American Unitarian Association, named in honor of Rev. Thomas Starr King, 1824-1864)
31. Fuller & Dees — 1958 (Morris Dees, 1936- )
1970s
32. Unitarius Egyhaz — Cluj, Romania, 1973
33. Skinner House — Boston, 1979 to present (reprint arm of Beacon Press, a division of Unitarian Universalist Association, named in honor of Rev. Clarence Russell Skinner, 1881-1949)
END
---0---
Thanks for checking out my blog and feel free to forward this link
http://bookdoctorgwen.blogspot.com to everyone you know
Find used books on Unitarians and Universalists for sale here
Visit my used bookstore
Find more fun lists by Book Doctor Gwen here
---0---
. . . Names of Unitarians who were publishers and/or printers, most in the United States, some in Europe, one in India. I have listed them in chronological order by earliest date found, and have listed other known dates they were in operation. I have also listed their home city and, if I have the address, I have given that as well. Some of these individuals were Unitarians for only part of their lives, but I have listed their publishing careers as fully as I can. See also my post from yesterday, 34 Universalist publishers.
1560s
1. Rakow Press — Rakow, Poland, 1569 (Jadwiga Sienienska, proprietor)
1740s
2. Rogers & Fowle — Queen-street, Boston, 1741, 1749; Fowle — Queen-street, Boston, 1754; Daniel Fowle — Portsmouth NH, 1757
1770s
3. Joseph Johnson — London, England, 1772-1808
1780s
4. Greenleaf & Freeman — Boston, 1785
1820s
5. New-York Unitarian Book Society — NY, 1822
6. F. B. Wright — Castle Street, Liverpool, England, 1822-25; R. B. Wright — Liverpool, England, 1829
7. Unitarian Press — Dhurmtollah, Calcutta, India, 1823 (Ram Mohun Roy, 1774-1833, and Rev. William Adam, 1796-1881, proprietors)
8. Unitarian Book and Pamphlet Society — Boston, Aug 1827-1838
1830s
9. American Unitarian Association — Boston, 1830s-1961
10. Ticknor & Fields (James T. Fields, 1817-1881) — Boston, 1854–68; Fields, Osgood & Co. — Boston, 1868-71; James R. Osgood & Co. — Boston, 1871-78; J. R. Osgood & Co. — Boston, 1877
11. L. C. Bowles — Boston, 1835; Leonard C. Bowles, 134 Washington Street, Boston, 1854, 1864
1840s
12. Unitarian Association — London, England, 1840
1850s
13. H. Farley — Boston, 1851 (Harriet Farley)
14. Walker, Wise & Co. — 245 Washington Street, Boston, 1859-64
15. Beacon Press — Boston, 1850s to present
1870s
16. British & Foreign Unitarian Association — 178 Strand, London, 1871, 1878, 1893
1880s
17. Geo. H. Ellis — Boston, 1880-1913; G. H. Ellis — 1881
18. Charles H. Kerr & Co. — Chicago, 1886–1928; C. H. Kerr & Co. — Chicago, 1899
19. W.H. Gannett Co. — Augusta ME, 1887 (William Howard Gannett, 1854-?)
1910s
20. Haldeman-Julius Publications — Girard KS, 1919–51 (Emanuel Haldeman-Julius, 1889-1951)
1920s
21. W. M. Kiplinger — Washington DC, 1923-67 (Williard Monroe Kiplinger, 1891-1967)
22. Guy Gannett Communications 1921-54 (Guy Patterson Gannett, 1881-1954)
23. Gannett Co. — 1923-57 (Frank Earnest Gannett, 1876-1957)
24. Unitarian Laymen’s League — 7 Park Square, Boston, 1924
25. Unitarian Historical Society — Boston, 1925, 1953
26. Harriet Ware Publishers — Boston, 1926–62 (Harriet Ware, 1877-1962)
1930s
27. Lindsey Press — London, 1931, 1947 (named in honor of Rev. Theophilus Lindsey, 1723-1808)
1940s
28. E. W. Scripps Co. — 1946 (Charles E. Scripps, 1920- , board chair)
1950s
29. Nocalor Press — Monroe NC, 1951 (John Raymond Shute, proprietor)
30. Starr King Press — Boston, 1958 (division of American Unitarian Association, named in honor of Rev. Thomas Starr King, 1824-1864)
31. Fuller & Dees — 1958 (Morris Dees, 1936- )
1970s
32. Unitarius Egyhaz — Cluj, Romania, 1973
33. Skinner House — Boston, 1979 to present (reprint arm of Beacon Press, a division of Unitarian Universalist Association, named in honor of Rev. Clarence Russell Skinner, 1881-1949)
END
---0---
Thanks for checking out my blog and feel free to forward this link
http://bookdoctorgwen.blogspot.com to everyone you know
Find used books on Unitarians and Universalists for sale here
Visit my used bookstore
Find more fun lists by Book Doctor Gwen here
---0---
25 October 2009
34 Universalist Publishers
. . . A list of 34 American Universalists who were publishers and/or printers, including one who was based for some time in London, England. I have listed them in chronological order by the earliest date they were known to have printed or published any work, along with later dates they were known to be in operation, and their own dates of birth and death in parentheses. I have also listed their home city and, if I have it, the address of their company. Some of these individuals were Universalists for only part of their lives, but I have listed their publishing careers as fully as I can. (Next time, Unitarian publishers.)
1790s
1. Thomas Dobson (1751-1823) — Philadelphia, 1792, 1813
2. Rev. Elhanan Winchester (1751-1797) — London, England, 1797
1810s
3. Henry Bowen (?-1874) — Boston, 1818-1840
4. Rev. Abner Kneeland (1774-1844) — Philadelphia, 1819; Boston, 1834-44
1820s
5. Simon Burton — Buffalo NY, 1826
6. Grosh & Walker — Utica NY, 1827; A.B. & C.P.P. Grosh — Utica NY, 1840 (Rev. Aaron Burt Grosh, 1803-1884)
7. I. D. Williamson — Troy NY, 1827 (Rev. Isaac Dowd Williamson, 1807-1876)
8. Marsh & Capen — Boston, 1829; Marsh, Capen & Lyon — Boston, 1831 ("General Depository for Universalist Publications") (Rev. Henry Lyon, 1814-1866)
9. Rev. Russell Streeter (1791-1880) — Portland ME, 1820s
10. Rev. Abel C. Thomas (1807-1880) — NY, 1829; Philadelphia, 1832-35; Lowell MA 1839-45
1830s
11. Rev. Thomas Whittemore (1800-1861) — Boston, 1830-61
12. B. B. Mussey (1804-1857) — Boston, 1831–53; Benjamin B. Mussey — 29 Cornhill, Boston, 1833, Benjamin B. Mussey & Co., Boston, 1845-49
13. Z. Fuller — 86 Callowhill St, Philadelphia, 1832; Fuller & Co. — 106 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, 1854 (Rev. Zelotes Fuller)
14. Horace Greeley (1811-1872) — publisher of 'New-Yorker' 1834-40, 'NY Weekly Tribune' 1840-72
15. and 16. D. D. Smith & A. Tompkins — Boston, 1836; Rev. Abel Tompkins (1810-1862) — Boston, 1836–60; G. W. Bazin & A. Tompkins — Boston, 1839 (George W. Bazin); A. Tompkins — 38 Cornhill, Boston, 1840; A. Tompkins & B. B. Mussey (Benjamin B. Mussey) — Boston, 1841; Tompkins and Co. — Boston, 1863-73
17. Rev. John A. Gurley (1813-1863) — Cincinnati, 1838-54
1840s
18. Hallock & Lyon (Rev. Benjamin B. Hallock, 1804-1869) (Rev. Henry Lyon, 1814-1866) (see above) — NY, 1840-1850; B. B. Hallock, NY, 1851; Henry Lyon — NY, 1852-63
19. Universalist Union Press — 130 Fulton St, NYC, 1840
20. Rev. Erasmus Manford (1815-1884) — Lafayette IN, 1841; St. Louis MO, 1857; Chicago, 1864
21. S. Cobb — Boston, 1848-61 (Rev. Sylvanus Cobb, Sr., 1798-1866)
22. J. M. Usher — Boston, 1848-61; James M. Usher — 37 Cornhill, Boston, 1857 (Rev. James Madison Usher, 1814-1891)
23. A. A. Ballou — Hopedale MA, 1849 (Rev. Adin A. Ballou, 1803-1890)
1850s
24. Longley & Brother — Cincinnati, 1850-54; Longley Brothers — Cincinnati, 1855-58; Longley & Co. — Cincinnati, 1861 (Elias Longley, 1822-1899)
1860s
25. and 26. Nye & Demarest — Cincinnati OH, 1861 (Rev. Gerherdus Langdon Demarest, 1816-1909) (Rev. Holden R. Nye, 1819-?)
27. Universalist Publishing House — Boston, 1862–82, 1888–15, 1922
28. Williamson & Cantwell Publishing Co. — Cincinnati OH, 1865-68 (Rev. Isaac Dowd Williamson, 1807-1876) (see above) (Rev. John S. Cantwell)
1890s
29. Elbert Hubbard (1856-1915) — owner and president, Roycrofters publishing company, East Aurora NY, 1895-1915
1910s
30. Murray Press — Boston, 1915, 1946 (division of Universalist Publishing House, named in honor of Rev. John Murray, 1741-1815)
31. Minnie O. Colgrove — Greenville OH, 1912
1950s
32. Association of Universalist Women — Boston, 1954
33. Universalist Historical Society — Boston, 1957, 1964, 1967
1960s
34. Rev. Kenneth L. Patton (1911-1994) — Charles Street Meeting House, Boston, 1962
---0---
Visit my bookstore
Find more Universalist and Unitarian books and history here
See my page on the strange and wonderful story of TomFolio
END
---0---
. . . A list of 34 American Universalists who were publishers and/or printers, including one who was based for some time in London, England. I have listed them in chronological order by the earliest date they were known to have printed or published any work, along with later dates they were known to be in operation, and their own dates of birth and death in parentheses. I have also listed their home city and, if I have it, the address of their company. Some of these individuals were Universalists for only part of their lives, but I have listed their publishing careers as fully as I can. (Next time, Unitarian publishers.)
1790s
1. Thomas Dobson (1751-1823) — Philadelphia, 1792, 1813
2. Rev. Elhanan Winchester (1751-1797) — London, England, 1797
1810s
3. Henry Bowen (?-1874) — Boston, 1818-1840
4. Rev. Abner Kneeland (1774-1844) — Philadelphia, 1819; Boston, 1834-44
1820s
5. Simon Burton — Buffalo NY, 1826
6. Grosh & Walker — Utica NY, 1827; A.B. & C.P.P. Grosh — Utica NY, 1840 (Rev. Aaron Burt Grosh, 1803-1884)
7. I. D. Williamson — Troy NY, 1827 (Rev. Isaac Dowd Williamson, 1807-1876)
8. Marsh & Capen — Boston, 1829; Marsh, Capen & Lyon — Boston, 1831 ("General Depository for Universalist Publications") (Rev. Henry Lyon, 1814-1866)
9. Rev. Russell Streeter (1791-1880) — Portland ME, 1820s
10. Rev. Abel C. Thomas (1807-1880) — NY, 1829; Philadelphia, 1832-35; Lowell MA 1839-45
1830s
11. Rev. Thomas Whittemore (1800-1861) — Boston, 1830-61
12. B. B. Mussey (1804-1857) — Boston, 1831–53; Benjamin B. Mussey — 29 Cornhill, Boston, 1833, Benjamin B. Mussey & Co., Boston, 1845-49
13. Z. Fuller — 86 Callowhill St, Philadelphia, 1832; Fuller & Co. — 106 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, 1854 (Rev. Zelotes Fuller)
14. Horace Greeley (1811-1872) — publisher of 'New-Yorker' 1834-40, 'NY Weekly Tribune' 1840-72
15. and 16. D. D. Smith & A. Tompkins — Boston, 1836; Rev. Abel Tompkins (1810-1862) — Boston, 1836–60; G. W. Bazin & A. Tompkins — Boston, 1839 (George W. Bazin); A. Tompkins — 38 Cornhill, Boston, 1840; A. Tompkins & B. B. Mussey (Benjamin B. Mussey) — Boston, 1841; Tompkins and Co. — Boston, 1863-73
17. Rev. John A. Gurley (1813-1863) — Cincinnati, 1838-54
1840s
18. Hallock & Lyon (Rev. Benjamin B. Hallock, 1804-1869) (Rev. Henry Lyon, 1814-1866) (see above) — NY, 1840-1850; B. B. Hallock, NY, 1851; Henry Lyon — NY, 1852-63
19. Universalist Union Press — 130 Fulton St, NYC, 1840
20. Rev. Erasmus Manford (1815-1884) — Lafayette IN, 1841; St. Louis MO, 1857; Chicago, 1864
21. S. Cobb — Boston, 1848-61 (Rev. Sylvanus Cobb, Sr., 1798-1866)
22. J. M. Usher — Boston, 1848-61; James M. Usher — 37 Cornhill, Boston, 1857 (Rev. James Madison Usher, 1814-1891)
23. A. A. Ballou — Hopedale MA, 1849 (Rev. Adin A. Ballou, 1803-1890)
1850s
24. Longley & Brother — Cincinnati, 1850-54; Longley Brothers — Cincinnati, 1855-58; Longley & Co. — Cincinnati, 1861 (Elias Longley, 1822-1899)
1860s
25. and 26. Nye & Demarest — Cincinnati OH, 1861 (Rev. Gerherdus Langdon Demarest, 1816-1909) (Rev. Holden R. Nye, 1819-?)
27. Universalist Publishing House — Boston, 1862–82, 1888–15, 1922
28. Williamson & Cantwell Publishing Co. — Cincinnati OH, 1865-68 (Rev. Isaac Dowd Williamson, 1807-1876) (see above) (Rev. John S. Cantwell)
1890s
29. Elbert Hubbard (1856-1915) — owner and president, Roycrofters publishing company, East Aurora NY, 1895-1915
1910s
30. Murray Press — Boston, 1915, 1946 (division of Universalist Publishing House, named in honor of Rev. John Murray, 1741-1815)
31. Minnie O. Colgrove — Greenville OH, 1912
1950s
32. Association of Universalist Women — Boston, 1954
33. Universalist Historical Society — Boston, 1957, 1964, 1967
1960s
34. Rev. Kenneth L. Patton (1911-1994) — Charles Street Meeting House, Boston, 1962
---0---
Visit my bookstore
Find more Universalist and Unitarian books and history here
See my page on the strange and wonderful story of TomFolio
END
---0---
24 October 2009
31 Four-Letter Religious Organizations
. . . I figure most of us have heard of the Y.M.C.A., but did you know that there were dozens of other similar organizations founded at about the same time with similar aims and names? For some reason they almost always had four initials. Here are a few:
1) A.B.M.U. = American Baptist Missionary Union
2) A.C.Y.O. = Armenian Church Youth Organization
3) A.F.B.S. = American and Foreign Bible Society
4) A.F.B.S. = American and Foreign Bible Society
5) A.H.M.S. = American Home Missionary Society
6) A.S.S.U. = American Sunday School Union
7) B.B.Y.O. = B'nai B'rith Youth Organization (Jewish)
8) B.F.B.S.= British and Foreign Bible Society
9) B.Y.P.U. = Baptist Young People's Union
10) C. & M.A. = Christian and Missionary Alliance
11) C.E.T.S. = Church of England Temperance Society
12) C.M.A. = Christian and Missionary Alliance
13) C.Y.O. = Catholic Youth Organization
14) H.Y.M.A. = Hebrew Young Men's Association
15) K.L.J.B. = Katholische Langjugend Bewegung (German: Catholic Organization of Young People)
16) L.C.T.U. = Ladies Christian Temperance Union
17) L.W.M.A. = Lutheran Women's Missionary Society
18) L.W.M.L. = Lutheran Women's Missionary League
19) R.H.M.A. = Rural Home Missionary Association
20) W.B.T.S. = Watchtower Bible and Tract Society (Jehovah's Witnesses)
21) W.C.T.U. = Women's Christian Temperance Union
22) W.F.M.S. = Women's Foreign Missionary Society
23) W.H.M.S. = Women's Home Missionary Society
24) W.N.M.A. = Women's National Missionary Association (Universalist)
25) Y.M.C.A. = Young Men's Christian Association
26) Y.M.H.A. = Young Men's Hebrew Association
27) Y.P.C.U. = Young People's Christian Union (Universalist)
28) Y.P.R.U. = Young People's Religious Union (Unitarian)
29) Y.P.S.C.E. = Young People's Society of Christian Endeavor
30) Y.P.W.W. = Young People Willing Workers
31) Y.W.C.A. = Young Women's Christian Association
---0---
Please browse my bookstore http://www.gwenfoss.com/
And visit my reputable colleagues http://www.tomfolio.com/
Find more liberal religious history here http://www25.uua.org/uuhs/duub/
END
. . . I figure most of us have heard of the Y.M.C.A., but did you know that there were dozens of other similar organizations founded at about the same time with similar aims and names? For some reason they almost always had four initials. Here are a few:
1) A.B.M.U. = American Baptist Missionary Union
2) A.C.Y.O. = Armenian Church Youth Organization
3) A.F.B.S. = American and Foreign Bible Society
4) A.F.B.S. = American and Foreign Bible Society
5) A.H.M.S. = American Home Missionary Society
6) A.S.S.U. = American Sunday School Union
7) B.B.Y.O. = B'nai B'rith Youth Organization (Jewish)
8) B.F.B.S.= British and Foreign Bible Society
9) B.Y.P.U. = Baptist Young People's Union
10) C. & M.A. = Christian and Missionary Alliance
11) C.E.T.S. = Church of England Temperance Society
12) C.M.A. = Christian and Missionary Alliance
13) C.Y.O. = Catholic Youth Organization
14) H.Y.M.A. = Hebrew Young Men's Association
15) K.L.J.B. = Katholische Langjugend Bewegung (German: Catholic Organization of Young People)
16) L.C.T.U. = Ladies Christian Temperance Union
17) L.W.M.A. = Lutheran Women's Missionary Society
18) L.W.M.L. = Lutheran Women's Missionary League
19) R.H.M.A. = Rural Home Missionary Association
20) W.B.T.S. = Watchtower Bible and Tract Society (Jehovah's Witnesses)
21) W.C.T.U. = Women's Christian Temperance Union
22) W.F.M.S. = Women's Foreign Missionary Society
23) W.H.M.S. = Women's Home Missionary Society
24) W.N.M.A. = Women's National Missionary Association (Universalist)
25) Y.M.C.A. = Young Men's Christian Association
26) Y.M.H.A. = Young Men's Hebrew Association
27) Y.P.C.U. = Young People's Christian Union (Universalist)
28) Y.P.R.U. = Young People's Religious Union (Unitarian)
29) Y.P.S.C.E. = Young People's Society of Christian Endeavor
30) Y.P.W.W. = Young People Willing Workers
31) Y.W.C.A. = Young Women's Christian Association
---0---
Please browse my bookstore http://www.gwenfoss.com/
And visit my reputable colleagues http://www.tomfolio.com/
Find more liberal religious history here http://www25.uua.org/uuhs/duub/
END
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
